Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally found in milk, though most cosmetic products use a synthetic form. It is known for its exfoliating, hydrating, and pH-regulating properties.
Usage in Cosmetics: Lactic acid is commonly used in skincare products to promote cell turnover and exfoliation, which helps improve skin texture and tone. It also effectively reduces the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation. In formulations, it serves as a pH adjuster and a humectant, helping to retain moisture in the skin.
Other Names:
- 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
- Milk acid
Suitability for Inflammaging: Lactic acid can be beneficial for "inflammaging" (chronic inflammation that contributes to aging) as it promotes skin renewal and improved barrier function, which can reduce the impact of environmental stressors known to contribute to inflammation and aging. However, the concentration and formulation must be suitable for sensitive skin to prevent irritation.
Skin Sensitivities: While lactic acid is generally well-tolerated, it can cause skin sensitivities in some individuals, especially at higher concentrations. It is important to perform a patch test before widespread use, particularly for those with sensitive skin. Products containing lactic acid should be introduced gradually to allow the skin to adapt.
Other Risks:
- Photosensitivity: Lactic acid can increase the skin’s sensitivity to sunlight, making sun protection even more crucial when using products containing this ingredient.
- Irritation: Overuse or too high a concentration can lead to skin irritation, redness, and discomfort.
