Caine mix I consists of:
- Dibucaine hydrochloride (amide)
- Procaine hydrochloride (ester)
Caine mix II consists of:
- Dibucaine hydrochloride (amide)
- Lidocaine (amide)
- Tetracaine hydrochloride (ester)
Caine mix III consists of:
- Benzocaine (ester)
- Dibucaine Cinchocaine (amide)
- Tetracaine hydrochloride (ester)
Caine mix IV consists of:
- Amylocaine hydrochloride (ester)
- Lidocaine Lignocaine (amide)
- Prilocaine Propitocaine (amide)
What is it?
Caines are used primarily as a topical anesthetic in many kinds of products.
How can I avoid it?
Patient sensitive to Benzocaine should all avoid all products claiming topical relief of pain or itching unless the product is clearly labeled and Benzocaine and Tetracaine are not included. Such agents can be used if they contain only Dibucaine or Lidocaine. Persons sensitive to Benzocaine may have a serious reaction to related anesthetic agents derived from Benzoic Acid when given
by injection from dentists, physicians, or other health care workers such individuals should always be advised of the patient’s allergy to Benzocaine. Patients should be able to tolerate other chemically related agents without difficulty, including Lidocaine and Mepivacaine. Benzocaine and Tetracaine-sensitive individuals may also have to avoid PABA and PABA esters containing sunscreens, permanent hair dye (p-Phenylenediamine), certain diuretics or fluid pills (Hydrochlorothiazide), oral antidiabetic medications (sulfonylureas), certain antibiotics including sulfa drugs, PAS, azo and aniline dyes, and an important cardiac medication (Procainamide). Allergic persons should always notify appropriate health care workers.
Patients who are allergic to Caine mix must undergo further testing to determine the component of the mix to which they are allergic. If they are allergic to Benzocaine and Tetracaine, the preceding recommendations apply. If they are allergic to Dibucaine, they must avoid that agent in topical and injectable form and, in addition, should avoid lidocaine, other related amide anesthetics like Mepivacaine, and Quinoline anti-infectives like Iodochlorhydroxyquin.
Uses:
- Appetite suppressants
- Astringents and analgesics
- Burn and sunburn remedies
- Cough tablets, drops, and lozenges
- Hemorrhoidal cream, suppositories, and enemas
- Oral and gingival products for teething, toothache, canker sores, and denture irritations
- Oral antibacterial agents
- Podiatric products for athlete’s foot, corns, calluses, and
- warts
- Poison ivy products
- Sore throat sprays and lozenges (Benzocaine topical
- medications)
Other names for contents in Caine Mix IV:
- Lidocaine: Lignocaine
- Prilocaine: Propitocaine, Citanest, and Xylonest
CAINE CLASSIFICATIONS:
Esters
- Benzocaine
- Chloroprocaine
- Cocaine
- Cyclomethycaine
- Dimethocaine/Larocaine
- Piperocaine
- Propoxycaine
- Procaine/Novocaine
- Proparacaine
- Tetracaine/ Amethocai
Amides
- Articaine
- Bupivacaine
- Cinchocaine/Dibucaine
- Etidocaine
- Levo bupi vacaine
- Lidocaine/Lignocaine
- Mepivacaine
- Prilocaine
- Ropivacaine
- Trimecaine
- Combination (e.g. Lidocaine/Prilocaine (EMLA)